Applications & Projects
Net Alkaline Drainage 
Net alkaline drainage (NAD) refers to contaminated water that does not share the levels of acid toxicity found in acid mine drainage. NAD is generally not as severe as AMD but often metals and sulfate concentrations are still high enough to require treatment to comply with applicable environmental or discharge standards.
Many NAD sites contain ferrous iron, manganese and other metals dissolved in water with a pH near neutral. Some sites also contain high concentrations of dissolved carbonic acid. When carbonic acid is degassed from solution, an increase in pH and precipitation of metal hydroxides results.
The Advantages of IWT Technologies
The Rotating Cylinder Treatment System effectively degasses carbonic acid while oxidizing iron and manganese. The result is precipitation of metals without significant addition of chemicals. For sites requiring treatment that are less hazardous than AMD sites, the RCTS is the smart solution:
- Easily mobilized;
- Portable for use at multiple sites;
- Little or no additional site construction, pads, etc. required;
- An affordable, prompt response to assure discharge standards are met
SULFATE-REDUCING BIOREACTORS. NAD sites with high sulfate concentrations but little acid or metals may be best served by a sulfate-reducing bioreactor. IWT designs, constructs and operates superior bioreactor systems suited for semi-passive, long-term treatment of NAD. These bioreactors utilize sulfate-reducing bacteria to reduce sulfate to sulfide, which can be oxidized to sulfur for removal.
IWT scientists thoroughly understanding mine water chemistry.
It is our mission to provide the best solution for your treatment needs.
The Better Solution for Mine Impacted Water
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